Individuals with the ADH4 rs3805322 AA or AG genotypes had ORs of 1.10 (95% CI = 0.81–1.49, P < 0.001) or 1.86 (95% CI = 1.33–2.59, P = 0.559), respectively, for developing ESCC compared with those with the GG genotype. Here, ADH4 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.