Different tissue remodeling patterns in CRSwNP vs. CRSsNP and the condition of the ECM, impacting on the release of activated TGF-ß1 [25], may further contribute to the dissociation of levels of activin A and follistatin between tissue homogenate protein measurements and their spontaneous release into supernatants at 24 hours. This evidence concerns the gene FST and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.