The formula for SI was as follows:SI = 10−(0.4×Age)+(0.3×BMI)+(0.7×Cr)+(6×Alb)+(0.03×Tchol) −(P)−(2×CVDs)+(2×AVF)(5)where Age is in years; BMI is in kg/m2; Cr = serum creatinine level (mg/dl); Alb = serum albumin level (g/dl); Tchol = serum total cholesterol level (mg/dl); P = serum phosphorus level (mg/dl); CVDs = cardiovascular diseases as comorbid conditions, Yes = 1, No = 0; AVF = arteriovenous fistula use, Yes = 1, No = 0. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.