In another independent study, oligo-HA preferentially stimulated a physical association between CD44 with TLR2, TLR4 and the recruitment of MyD88 and actin filament-associated protein 110 (AFAP-110), leading to NF-κB translocation and downstream expression of IL-1β and IL-8 in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. The gene discussed is CD44; the disease is breast carcinoma.