In a study comparing TB cases with infected and uninfected TB contacts (defined by positive tuberculin-skin test (TST) and ELISPOT results), PBMCs from uninfected contacts had lower FOXP3 mRNA expression levels compared to TB cases, but higher FOXP3 expression levels compared to infected TB contacts; which according to the authors could signify migration of Tregs to the lungs during early infection, with a reappearance in the circulation during latent (established) infection (108). Here, FOXP3 is linked to tuberculosis.