IGFBP5 and diabetic neuropathy: Here, we show that IGFBP5 is more than 7-fold up-regulated at the mRNA level and at least 5-fold at the protein level in diabetic nerves compared to nerves from CIDP individuals and 50-fold compared to nerves from non-diabetic control individuals suggesting a pathogenic role of IGFBP5 in diabetic neuropathy.