The use of eculizumab for treating dry AMD, however, failed to affect the progression of geographic atrophy.59 This is perhaps unsurprising because this drug targeted the complement pathway at a point downstream of the alternative activation pathway: All GWAS-identified SNPs are in genes whose proteins are involved in an alternative pathway, not the lectin, classical, or terminal pathways.60 Similarly, other therapeutics that also target C5—as either an antibody (LFG316; Novartis) or an aptamer-based C5 inhibitor (Zimura; Ophthotech)—are currently in ongoing clinical trials. The gene discussed is C5; the disease is dry age related macular degeneration.