Overexpression of HMGA may suppress DNA repair and directly inhibit the expression of some clock-regulated proteins directly involved in DNA repair, such as XPA.[84,85] The presence of variant alleles of the Hmga1 gene in mice and humans was shown to be associated with severe early-onset insulin resistance and diabetes type 2.[86,87] The expression of Hmga1 is up-regulated in the majority of cancers.[78,88–90] It has been proposed that HMG deregulation may increase the risk for neoplastic growth [91,92], but the exact mechanism/s are currently unknown. Here, HMGA1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.