In this study, we performed an association study for adiponectin promoter SNP-12140G>A, SNP-11426A>G and SNP-11377C>G and NSCLC in a Han Chinese population and found that the G allele of SNP-12140G>A is a risk factor for NSCLC; individuals with the SNP-12140G>A GG genotype showed increased risk for NSCLC under log-addictive models. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and non-small cell lung carcinoma.