The approach of simultaneously up-regulating utrophin expression and reducing fibrosis offers a number of advantages: A – Up-regulation of utrophin in mice had no apparent deleterious consequences [52], and it is not predicted to elicit any immune response in DMD patients – it is already expressed in their muscles; B – No special delivery system is required; C – It will be beneficial to all DMD patients irrespective of mutations; D – Some compounds, although they increased utrophin mRNA, did not elicit increased protein levels [53]. This evidence concerns the gene UTRN and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.