We have recently reported that 11ßHSD2 expression is increased in epithelial cells and stromal cells in human colonic and Apc+/min mouse intestinal adenomas and is correlated with increased COX-2 expression and activity, and that inhibition of 11ßHSD2 activity genetically or pharmacologically suppresses tumor COX-2 pathway and prevents adenoma formation, tumor growth, and metastasis as a result of increased tumor intracellular active glucocorticoids [22,51]. This evidence concerns the gene APC and adenoma.