Epidemiologic studies and their meta-analyses established a clear evidence for the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and pancreatic cancer (PaC) and concluded that DM is not only an early manifestation, but also an etiologic factor of PaC.[1] Carstensen and co-workers based on the data of more than 4 million person-years confirmed the association between type 1 DM (T1DM) and PaC and concluded that a major carcinogenic effect of exogenous insulin is unlikely in T1DM. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.