In this study, we observed increased expression of MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in HUVECs, and MCP-1 in monocytes, following treatment with AGEs, and this is consistent with the findings of several recent studies that postulate endothelial dysfunction as the initiating step towards vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis [32]. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and atherosclerosis.