Similarly, to our earlier study [22], we observed significantly higher median proportions of leukaemic cells co-expressing the CTLA-4 molecule on the surface (sCTLA-4) as well as in cytoplasmic compartments (cCTLA-4) in CLL patients compared to the median percentages of the corresponding cells in healthy individuals (Table 2). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.