AKT1 and lung carcinoma: To further investigate the role of PTEN in radiation-triggered EMT, Akt/GSK-3β/Snail pathway was studied, which has been previously implicated in the development of radiation-induced lung cancer.[10, 30] We hypothesized a role for PTEN that leads to the increased E-cadherin expression via the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail pathway.