KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy: Although use of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a diagnostic marker has improved the detection and management of PCa (Lippi et al., 2009) its low specificity and lack of other predictive parameters for the progression of the disease makes the stratification of the patients with high risk or indolent PCa difficult (Roddam et al., 2005; Nogueira et al., 2010).