CXCR4 and ovarian carcinoma: There are growing evidence that chemokine CXCL12 (stromal-derived factor-1) and its receptor CXCR4 mediate invasiveness and metastasis of many types of cancer cells, such as prostate, bladder, breast and pancreas.24 Also, Many studies have shown that this chemokine and its receptor may have an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer.18 As mentioned above, we found a trend toward higher expression of CXCR4 in malignant ovarian tissues compared to the benign cysts.