Of the 27 hypermethylated genes with low gene expression, 18 were related to CRC including GSTM2, ZNF655, MYH11, HHIP, RSPO3, RNF152, CAV1, SFRP2, JAM2, SPG20, TMEFF2, SST, SLIT2, SCNN1B, ADAMST1, GLI3, CKB and BMP3 (19,30–38). Here, RSPO3 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.