The direction of gene expression in malaria-associated atMBCs relative to classical MBCs corresponded well with gene expression patterns of other nonclassical memory B cell subsets; specifically, 88% of the changes occurred in the same direction, with the highest proportion of overlap occurring with CD27-CD21- cells in HIV (89%, 21 of 23 genes) and CD21lo cells in CVID (97%, 32 of 33 genes). Here, CR2 is linked to malaria.