IL6 and peripheral arterial disease: High levels of the inflammatory markers IL-6, hsCRP, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) have been reported to be associated with accelerated functional decline in PAD patients [69,82,110,111,117] and with PAD complications such as amputation or general complications such as MI, stroke and death (Table 2).