These enzymes are essential components of evolutionarily conserved mechanisms through which organisms are known to defend themselves against bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections, yet allowing tolerance of commensals [48,49] Suppression of DUOX2-generated H2O2 production by mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) has been demonstrated to reduce reactive oxygen species-induced genetic lesions and thereby lowering the risk of UC-associated colorectal dysplasia and colorectal cancer [46]. This evidence concerns the gene DUOX2 and colorectal cancer.