We validated by qRT-PCR the upregulation of EMT drivers, such as Zeb1, Zeb2, Twist and Prrx1, and EMT mediators, such as Wnt5a, Vcan, Ncadh and Mmp2 both in Nanog-papillomas and in Nanog-SCCs (Fig. 3B). Here, MMP2 is linked to papilloma.