Thus heat-shock, cigarette smoke, or chemical treatments with elesclomol or the HSP90-inhibitor geldanamycin, as well as in chronically challenged tissues in Parkinson's disease, type II, DNAJB1 and DNAJB4 were found to be systematically more over-expressed than type I, DNAJA1 and DNAJA2 (Supplementary Figure 3). The gene discussed is DNAJB1; the disease is Parkinson disease.