Both cachexia and pre-cachexia are frequently associated with inflammation; an imbalance between pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, Interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., IL-4, IL-12, IL-15) cytokines is considered to contribute to the pathogenesis (2, 3) (Table 1). Here, IL4 is linked to Cachexia.