To investigate the contribution of AIFM1 to ANSD in China, we screened this gene for mutations in our extended familial and sporadic ANSD cohort; identifying 10 more novel missense mutations in three additional families and 11 of 93 (10%) men with an ANSD phenotype (figure 3, table 1 and online supplementary table S9). The gene discussed is AIFM1; the disease is auditory neuropathy.