TNF and infection: Treatment of the DENV-2 infected mice with UV-12 resulted in lower levels of circulating cytokines and chemokines including pro-inflammatory molecules such as TNF-α, GM-CSF, MIP-1α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, and IL-17 at 72 and 96 h after infection, IFN-γ at the 72 h time point and MIP-1β, RANTES, and IL-10 only at the 96 h time point.