Twenty-two cases were confirmed as Xp11.2 tRCC by break-apart TFE3 FISH, and 6 of these cases were further diagnosed as ASPL-TFE3 RCC by ASPL-TFE3 dual-fusion FISH detection. Here, TFE3 is linked to renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions.