BRAF and neoplasm: BRAF (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) is a member of the RAS/RAF family, encoding a serine-threonine protein kinase that is involved in the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling cascade. BRAF acts as a direct effector of RAS and promotes tumor growth and survival through the activation of MEK (MAPK/ERK kinase) [7].