Of relevance to this concept, observations from platelet studies have demonstrated that the expression of MRP-14 was found to be significantly up-regulated in circulating platelets of patients prior to myocardial infarction.36 Our work therefore suggests that a ‘pre-programmed state’ may not just be limited to platelets but may also extend to monocytes. This evidence concerns the gene S100A9 and myocardial infarction.