In 105 CGGA primary GBM samples, we used Cox regression to analyze each of 593 cytokine-related genes in the training set and identified six genes (CCL2, CCR2, CXCL10, IL10RB, IL17B, and IL17R) that were significantly associated with OS (S1 Table, P<0.01). Here, IL17RA is linked to glioblastoma.