Even within breast cancer cell lines that do not over-express HER2, such as triple negative MDA-MB-231 cells, EGFR-induced signalling through PI3K/Akt is thought to be involved in mediating EMT [31], while several other studies implicate MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling as an important driver [91]. This evidence concerns the gene MAP2K1 and breast carcinoma.