It was therefore decided to further explore, including a comparison with SMA-11a, whether SMA-12b inversely targeted key NF-κB- (IL-1β, inflammasome genes) and NRF2- (HMOX1, GCLC and GCLM) dependent genes that may play roles in counter-regulating inflammation in RA. Here, GCLC is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.