The production of cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, TNFα) and chemokines (e.g., monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, MCP-1) in adipose tissue is greater in obese subjects with NAFLD than body mass index (BMI)-matched subjects with normal intrahepatic TG content6. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.