SRSF1 and Cockayne syndrome: In agreement with this idea, a recent study showed that in cells lacking Senataxin, Aquarius or the splicing factor ASF/SF2, unscheduled R-loops are processed into DSBs by XPG and XPF endonucleases, together with the Cockayne syndrome group B protein belonging to the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) pathway (Figure 1; Sollier et al., 2014).