TB belongs to a large family of small, alpha-helical, and mildly cationic AMPs isolated from amphibian skin secretions and endowed with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity (antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and, in some cases, anti-parasitic), high cytocompatibility, and immune-modulating properties (Mangoni et al., 2005; Mangoni, 2006). The gene discussed is ADSL; the disease is tuberculosis.