Not surprisingly, the dysfunction of this purinergic system is closely associated with brain disorders and we will now exploit the concept that ATP acts as a danger signal, implying an abnormal and sustained elevation of extracellular ATP levels in brain dysfunction and the involvement of purine receptors, namely P2X7R (ATP), P2Y1R (ADP) and A2AR (adenosine), in brain damage. Here, ADORA2A is linked to brain disorder.