P2X7R have also been linked to psychiatric disorders, as heralded by the association of P2X7R polymorphisms with major depression (Lucae et al., 2006; Hejjas et al., 2009) and by the anti-depressive behavior of P2X7R KO mice (Basso et al., 2009; Csölle et al., 2013), in line with the ability of IL-1β to induce depression-like behavioral changes (Pollak and Yirmiya, 2002; Anisman et al., 2005). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is major depressive disorder.