This study used a proteomic approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis and, for the first time, identified ALDH1A3 as a miR-187 target in PCa. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A3 and posterior cortical atrophy.