Of note, active cellular immunotherapy is an approach being investigated in CLL [15], including one report in the literature of a dendritic cell vaccine in a small study of 15 patients using dendritic cells that endocytosed apoptotic bodies of CLL cells in combination with GM-CSF elicited anti-CLL immune responses though no clinical responses [16]. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.