Castration resulted in significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation in both PShTert-AR (p<0.01; Fig. 2B) and PShTert-ctrl myofibroblast (p<0.001; Fig. 2B) grafts, a reduction in cancer p63−/CK8.18+ foci (Fig. 2C), and a higher percentage of apoptotic cancer cells (caspase-3 positive; p<0.001; Fig. 2D). This evidence concerns the gene AR and cancer.