Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using the cBIO portal across most cancer types shows genomic alterations in IGF ligands (IGF1, 2), receptors (IGF1R, IGF2R), binding proteins (IGFBP1–6), and IRSs (IRS1, 2, 4); this representing 18 genes (Figure 1A). Here, IGFBP1 is linked to cancer.