Interestingly, we recently reported an up-regulation of p22phox in clinical pancreatic cancer specimens [31], and Hiraga et al. [32] reported that NOX4-derived ROS signaling contributes to TGF-β–induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.