G6PD and sickle cell disease: For instance whereas α-thalassaemia genes may be protective, mutations in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) genes and certain SNPs, including ANXA2, rs11853426, TEK rs489347, and TGFBR3 rs284875 variants, have been associated with increased stroke risk.73 A recent whole-exome sequencing (WES) study identified two modifier mutations GOLGB1 (Y1212C) and ENPP1 (K173Q) associated with protection from stroke in a cohort of children with sickle cell anaemia.74