Encouragingly, we verified various well-known mechanistic changes associated with emphysema development, such as NF-κB signaling and TLR4 signaling, as well as increased levels of TNF-α, CSF2, and non-predicted but related interleukins, MPO, and MMP-9 by means of proteomic analysis. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is pulmonary emphysema.