A first screening for TM9SF4 gene expression performed in primary leukemic cells obtained from AML patients provides evidence that TM9SF4 is overexpressed in AMLs, in particular in those displaying granulocytic differentiation, such as M2, M3 and M4 subtypes of FAB classification, as compared to normal CD34+ HPCs. This evidence concerns the gene TM9SF4 and acute myeloid leukemia.