Given the preclinical evidence that both PARP1 and PHB2/PHB1 are excellent therapeutic targets in human cancers [63,66], our findings also implicate potential applications of PARP inhibitors and PHB ligands in the treatment of B cell neoplasms involving TRAF3 inactivation or aberrant MCC expression (Figure 2). The gene discussed is MCC; the disease is B-cell neoplasm.