There is accumulating evidence suggesting that ADSCs could secrete several trophic factors after post-stroke administration, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [20], insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [25], vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) [18], which could be involved in the functional improvement of stroke symptoms in animal models via the reduction in brain injury-derived apoptosis and enhancement of the natural repair response activated by brain injury. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Stroke.