It quickly became clear that pro-inflammatory cytokines were actively contributing to chemotherapy-induced neuropathic symptoms as blockade via cytokine antagonists such as IL-1 receptor antagonist or anti-TNF-α attenuated chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (Ledeboer et al., 2007; Cata et al., 2008; Ale et al., 2014). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neuropathy.