It has been shown that, in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, treated with oral risedronate (35 mg/week), calcium (1,000 mg/day), and vitamin D (400 IU/day) for 12 months, the serum levels of RANKL and IL-1β significantly decreased while no difference was found in TNF-α level, when compared to controls group, receiving oral calcium (1,000 mg/day) and vitamin D (400 IU/day), thus confirming the immunomodulatory effect of risedronate on improving osteoporosis, via the reduction of RANKL and IL-1β [33]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and osteoporosis.