In 2006, Li et al. developed a combination of surface hybridization, surface ligation and nanoparticle amplification for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping in the BRCA1 gene [67], which is one of the two major genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) reported to be connected to breast cancer susceptibility. Here, BRCA1 is linked to breast carcinoma.