To determine whether HEVs were associated with alterations in the composition as well as the number of T cells in the tumor invasive margin, sections were stained with antibodies to CD3, CD8+ and FoxP3 and the ratios of CD3+, CD4+ (CD3+CD8−) or CD8+ T cells to FoxP3+ T cells were calculated and assessed with respect to HEV density (Fig. 3d). Here, FOXP3 is linked to neoplasm.